Introduction to Transactional Analysis

Transactional Analysis (TA), developed by Eric Berne, is a practical and hopeful model for understanding ourselves and others. It views people as capable, resourceful, and responsible for their choices – with the potential to grow, heal, and change.

At its core, TA rests on three key beliefs:

  • “I’m OK, You’re OK.” Everyone has worth, value, and the capacity to think.
  • People can change. Decisions made in early life can be revisited and revised.
  • We focus on what’s observable. TA works with what can be seen and heard – not hidden motives, but actual words, patterns, and responses.

Four Key Concepts in TA

TA gives us a language and structure to explore our inner world and social behavior. It focuses on four main areas:

ConceptWhat It Means
Ego States (PAC)We each have three internal modes – Parent, Adult, and Child – that shape how we think, feel, and act.
TransactionsThe smallest unit of communication – one person’s stimulus and the other’s response.
GamesRepeating patterns of behavior that look social but hide a deeper emotional payoff.
Life ScriptsDeep-seated beliefs and patterns formed in childhood that shape how we live and relate.

Why TA Matters

  • It helps us notice patterns, not just react.
  • It gives us language and choice, especially in tough conversations.
  • It builds real connection, not manipulation or misunderstanding.

Based on Pernix blog: Introduction to Transactional Analysis